Description
ABSTRACT
Background: Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) during armed conflicts constitutes a severe violation of international humanitarian law and human rights, particularly affecting vulnerable groups such as children, adolescents, and women. Purpose: The study aims to analyze the systematic use of SGBV as a war tactic, its legal assessment under international humanitarian law. Design/Methodology/Approach: A qualitative approach was employed, involving the analysis of legal documents (Geneva Conventions, Rome Statute), UN reports, and case studies from Ukraine, Syria, Rwanda, and Yugoslavia. Findings: SGBV is a systematic war tactic to intimidate and control communities. International humanitarian law deems SGBV a war crime. Survivors, especially children, face physical (STIs, injuries), psychological (PTSD), and social (isolation) impacts. Strengthening accountability, aligning laws, ensuring safe reporting, and providing support are crucial to address SGBV’s effects. Practical Implications: These findings can enhance legal protections and recovery programs for youth, supporting humanitarian and judicial efforts. Conclusions: Mitigating the devastating effects of SGBV requires strict adherence to international humanitarian law, specialized protection measures for children, adolescents, and comprehensive support for survivors. The proposed approach can be adapted to various conflict situations.
Keywords: human rights violations, ensuring access to justice, armed conflicts, children and adolescents, international humanitarian law, war crimes, sexual violence
